Super-Luminal Speed

Quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation are examples of the ability of saving information and playing it back as needed. In recent research by Dr. Mohammad Mojtahedi, of the University of New Mexico Physics Dept., pulses have been measured which travel faster than speed of light in a vacuum. He measured pulses up to 2.38 times the speed of light. Although different interpretations and conclusions can be derived from this experiment, he attributes results to quantum tunneling effect. We have supposed that, in tunneling the trace of particle does not appear in space in time and leaps to farther location. Therefore, quantum leap can be the reason that light's speed limit is violated in this experiment. One may assume, in quantum leap, when the particle resurfaces the collective speed is more than light speed in space-time.

Telekinesis

Telekinesis practitioners claim that mind can move the objects in macroscopic world. The phenomenon is not scientifically confirmed yet. But its advocates claim that none of the four physical forces has been detected as a force behind the movement.

Quantum entanglement can create scientific explanation for many of the Para-psychological effects like telepathy or hypnosis.

Para-psychological activities are claimed and demonstrated, but we cannot explain them. Quantum behavior is repeatedly shown and recorded in numerous experiments and we are applying it to our advantage but we cannot explain it either. Consciousness is in us. It is the basis of our awareness, but still we cannot explain it. Certain basic mathematical functions and facts exist (like complex numbers) but they cannot be related to physical world in its totality. To understand the unexplained we have to be ready to look for new dimensions and domains.We have to be ready to travel to domains which goes beyond matter or other known physical properties, if needed.

Pascual Jordan, one of the major early contributors to quantum theory says: “We compel [the electron] to assume a definite position.”⁸

Who are we? Where do we stand in the equation? Can we come to the conclusion that our consciousness is the extension of singularity?

Can we claim that our will is creating the state vector collapse according to our desire?

Quantum Teleportation

We have watched the fantasy of the teleportation in the Star Trek series. The actual quantum teleportation is the transferring of tiny units of information, called quantum bits or qubits, about a particle. By transporting the information to another location, we can create a replica of the particle in new location. In quantum teleportation actual matter or energy are not transported.

This procedure was done inside laboratory in short distances. Samuel Braunstein, a professor of informatics at the University of Wales in Bangor, England was part of a team that teleported photons from one end of a table to the next in 1998.Nicolas Gisin, a physicist at the University of Geneva and his team teleported qubits carried by photons of 0.05 inch (1.3mm) wavelength in one laboratory onto photons of 0.06 inch (1.55mm) wavelength in another laboratory 180 feet (55 meters) away along 1.2 miles (2 kilometers) of fiber optic wire in January 2003. And most recently, Austrian researchers have teleported photons across the Danube River in Vienna. They reported their achievement in April 2004. Because of measurement problems created by uncertainty principle, teleportation in above experiments had to be performed by using entanglement principle of quantum theory. Below I am including one of the reports regarding this phenomenon provided by Daniel F. James from University of Innsbruck in Austria, in collaboration with a scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

“In the experiment described in the scientific journal Nature, the group achieved teleportation using singly-ionized calcium atoms that were confined and cooled to ultra-low temperatures (around 15 millionths of a degree above absolute zero). Using lasers, the internal configurations of the atoms -- their quantum states -- were controlled very precisely, allowing entanglement between two of the atoms to be created. One of these entangled atoms was then further entangled with a third atom -- the input of the teleporter. By performing a simple measurement on this pair, and another series of interactions dependent on the outcome of the measurement, the original input state was then re-created on the remaining (output) atom. The quantum state teleportation experiments were carried out at the University of Innsbruck's Institute for Experimental Physics.”

Singularity and Teleportation

Please note that teleportation was performed by just transferring the information, not the actual particle. In other words for entanglement and teleportation, we need an information media. In this model, the proposed singularity acts as such media. Further more, the above experiments defies string theory interpretation of entanglement. Because in the above experiment a particle (being string or any other shape) is not responsible for entanglement and teleportation, rather phase transitions from particle to qubits and back to particle is shown to be the actual phenomena behind the process. This is in line with the wave-particle function model proposed in Wave-Particle chapter.

Concept Review: Quantum Fluctuation, Conservation Law and Mind

Let us discuss some of the conclusions derived from quantum theory; “In the nucleus there is a "sea of quarks", which continually pop into and out of existence in our Space-time universe due to quantum fluctuations.”

This violates the conservation of energy principle that we so dearly adhere to. Here we have to look beyond the space-time and open our vision to series of related events out of our universe. Above I suggested that energy can penetrate from Planck holes into the space-time and create the sea of quarks. Also matter can transform to energy and leave our space-time through the holes. Therefore, in this view the two-way transformation of energy and matter is suggested for quantum foam phenomena.

Quantum Foam

In addition, quantum fluctuation is comparable to mind activities during awakeness. During normal mind activities our consciousness is intermittently in and out of objective world. Our consciousness' constantly fluctuates between two different arenas. We are constantly alternating between sensation and imagination domains. In other words, our mind is constantly popping into and out of the physical world? We can also compare sleep dreaming and awakeness as an analogy. While we are awake we are time bonded and local. We also are dealing with objective reality most of the time. During sleep we depart from objective world and become non-local and floating out of time limits. Please refer to Quantum Mind by Arnold Mindell on the related topics.¹⁴

Dr. Mindell very clearly shows the many resemblances between mind activity and quantum behavior. There is no way that I can do any better.

Orbiting Electron

In the current understanding of the atom, an orbital is not something like the orbit of a planet around the sun. Orbiting electron is present at the same time in a whole region of space and has a whole range of velocities. It is a probability distribution in space. And, the electron cannot be said to be really 'moving'.

Current belief indicates that, electron does not follow a specific trajectory in its orbit to reach to a new position. This violates the locality rule in space. Experiments reveal that the electron only ever moves radially -- in and out.... But yet it covers the whole angular range. So this way, it defies steel ball rotation movement in classical physics. Alternatively, we can claim that, an electron in its orbit is everywhere and nowhere. If we cannot follow electrons trajectory, we have to come to conclusion that at times it is absent, and does not occupy a spatial location. If it does not follow the space-time rule of locality, may I suggest that electron or its trace travels to singularity and comes back to our space-time in different location according to the scenario explained in wave function chapter?

This interpretation brings the quantum mechanical experiments to more understandable and meaningful events.

Conclusion

If we take our universe as a closed system, in many quantum mechanical phenomena the first law of thermodynamics (conservation of energy) goes under question. Introducing virtual particles as quantum of energy fields does not satisfy the common sense. Either we have to drop universality of conservation of energy and matter or accept another entity which interacts with our universe.

In this view quantum arena is the twilight zone between the space-time universe and the proposed singularity. In other words, quantum domain is where space-time and singularity intermingle. This is why it demonstrates an objective reality mixed with subjective and imaginary realm.

The complimentarity between two observables of a particle like momentum and location is the same feature which manifests itself as either a singularity element (momentum-energy-) or locality (space-time feature).

Applying classical physics laws alone to explain quantum mechanics is doomed to failure. We need to mix classical logic with mind-like realm laws to be able to explain the unsolved mysteries of quantum mechanics.

Above I have explained different quantum mechanical paradoxes based on the above concept.

Summary

While quantum mechanics is very precise to predict and reproduces the results of experiments, it does not offer any explanation for the strange results obtained in the lab. Adding the proposed singularity as a non-local energy–information media offers explanations for the strange results by exposing us to a new paradigm. This paradigm delivers its own logic which can explain many of the current paradoxes.

Explanations for Tonomura’s two slit interference, quantum entanglement and other quantum mechanical phenomena has been proposed based on this model.