Flourishing fountains fanfare out of a still pond

    
Quantum Mechanics is the science that studies the sub-atomic particles and deals with the behavior of objects within their Compton wavelengths.

While studying quantum mechanics, there are five points to keep mind.

First, more than eighty years of lab experiments proved that the principles of quantum mechanics are real and valid. Mathematics of quantum theory precisely predicts and reproduces the results of physical experiments. We are applying these principles in making delicate instruments and building precise computers. Therefore, Quantum Mechanics is an actual science.

Second, Quantum mechanics is weird. In this arena, certainty of classic physics is replaced by the uncertainty and definite state observed in macro-world turns to chaotic world of super-position of states. Casualty (cause and effect) may reverse so that cause appears before effect (second Feynman diagram). Direction of time can reverse also and future arrives before the past. Entanglement between distant particles exists without apparent link. The law of conservation of energy gets pale in many instances. And so forth and so on.

Third, apparently we cannot utilize the logic of classical physics to interpret the weirdness of quantum mechanical phenomena. We have to develop a new logic to accommodate a reality that is beyond our today's consensus reality.

Fourth, quantum physics is not an abstract science that belongs to laboratories and scientists, it is the basic building blocks of our body and our macro-world and the infra-structure of laws of classical physics.

And fifth, Quantum mechanics laws are applied equally to micro and macro-world.

Hypothesis

Quantum arena is the twilight zone between space-time
and
the proposed non-local energy-information mind-like singularity.

One of the main tasks of this model is to propose explanations for unexplained findings in quantum theory. We cannot explain the Schrodinger's cat(explained in coming pages) being alive and dead at the same time, with our conventional logic. Surprisingly though, we can imagine such a superposition in our mind. Not only our imagination can accommodate such a dual and antagonistic state but our mind activity is frequently utilizes superposition in its different functions.

Niels Bohr is the founder of quantum mechanics. His approach to the strange quantum realm was just to observe the experiments results and not trying to find causality for their presence or explain the reality and history behind them. Albert Einstein on the other hand believed that universe is made of real objects with real and definite properties. He believed that Quantum Mechanic theory is deficient and cannot reveal the hidden variables that create strange findings in sub-atomic arena. He further believed that these variables do exist. Einstein believed a deeper theory would find these variables, which are hidden in our experiments. Most physicists have not favored hidden variable theories. Experiments and calculation results contradict these theories. Although Bohemian mechanics (refer to David Bohem) tries to offer an explanation for it.³⁵

Here I am introducing a non-local media, which is connecting different points of space together. Let's see if this model can offer reasonable explanations for different quantum mechanical paradoxes. I hope this model prove to be the Einstein's deeper theory, which explains the quantum mechanical experiments and offers a comprehensible reality. Furthermore, because this model has a mind component, it contains some of the interpretations and views of Neils Bohr as well.

Quantum Mechanic Domain

A particle generally behaves quantum mechanically when observed at distances shorter than its Compton wavelength. Therefore, we can conclude that there is a cut off between classical physics arena and quantum mechanics domain. Please note that we are not choosing below certain distance as a cutoff for quantum mechanical arena. The cut off line is at the edge of the Compton wavelength of any particle. Moreover, wavelengths of different particles are poles apart.

The Compton wavelength (λ) of a particle is given by;

λ = h / m c, where h is the Planck Constant, m is the mass of particle and c is the speed of light.

What is the mystery within the Compton wavelength? It seems something unfamiliar to classic physics is happening inside the wavelength of any particle. This is responsible for weird phenomena that we are observing in quantum mechanics. I have explained my conjectures in the wave-particle function and other previous chapters.

Momentum

In classical physics, momentum is defined as the product of mass (m) and velocity (v) of an object.

P = mv

Simply speaking, momentum is the impact felt by a boxer receiving the opponent’s tossed feast.

The relation between the momentums of an object in regards to its spatial position (x) are obtained by:

P_a = α / αx^a

Where α is a constant. If our object is a subatomic particle then we need to add imaginary number (i) and Dirac constant (ħ) to the equation,

P_a = iħ α / αx^a

The Dirac constant is a reduced Planck Constant (h/2π).

The presence of i indicates that the momentum of a subatomic particle is governed by a complex function. Therefore, the momentum of subatomic particles is periodic (see the complex number chapter). Therefore, the Assertion C2 specifies that the value of the momentum has to hit zero at each period.

The presence of ħ also points out that momentum is directly related to Planck constant. In wave-function chapter, we have assumed that the particle itself disappears and reappears in space-time in each Compton wavelength. We can relate the intermittent blinking of momentum to the intermittent emerging of the particle into the space-time.

Moreover, in the Mass & Gravity chapter we have assumed that the Planck Constant is the amount of kinetic energy carried by the particle upon its arrival into the space-time.

In following paragraphs, we will review the quantum mechanical phenomena while keeping the above conjectures in mind.

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

According to Werner K. Heisenberg, the famous German physicist, we cannot simultaneously determine the position and momentum of a particle at ultra short distances. This kind of correlation between two properties is called a complimentarity relation. The equation is written as,

ΔE Δt ≥ h / 2π

In Heisenberg’s famous uncertainty relation for position and momentum, when the position uncertainty changes in position (Δx) is less than the Compton wavelength, the momentum uncertainty changes in momentum (Δp) is greater than h/2π. Since momentum carries energy, the uncertainty in energy is greater than, h/2π. This implies that if we pin point a particle’s location, its momentum can vary widely and therefore we can not be certain about its momentum.

To justify the uncertainty principle, error in measurement and lack of appropriate tool are brought up.Neither is very convincing.

Therefore, quantum theory tells us that we cannot track a subatomic particle by any method whatsoever. Can we assume that, we cannot detect particles because they loose their mass and leave the space-time? Maybe we have to change the sentence as "we cannot track a subatomic particle by any method whatsoever in objective world. The problem arises when we are expecting to see the whole picture in just one arena, (the real number arena). As an analogy, please note that we cannot follow and understand a three dimensional motion in it’s entirely in a two dimensional world. Evan Walker says: “… Heisenberg used matrices (whole array of numbers) to represent the positions and motions of an atomic particle.⁸

In his calculation to create the matrix he used the symbol i which stands for square root of –1, the so called, imaginary number. He had to choose a number, which is out of the domain of our real number system. We cannot ignore the quantity i and call it imaginary.We have to accept that it stands for a kind of reality. According to Dr. Walker quantum mathematics drags us to a scope “that is really an infinity of imaginary worlds.”⁸

Therefore, we have to expand the science domain to include worlds other than familiar space-time. If mathematics so precisely is predicting the mystery world of quantum behavior, we have to value its elements. We have to accept that its unexplained or inapplicable measures to our physical world have an actual meaning.

Let us revisit the location /momentum uncertainty. Please note that one of the elements is spatial and the other is energy related. We can interpret the principle as; when locality gets blurred the energy is more defined. This was explained in the Boundaries Chapter. We also can extend the Heisenberg principle to time and energy in a system.

ΔE Δt ≥ h/ 2π

For example a radioactive atomic nucleus decays with time. If the lifetime of such a state is Δt, then the energy of the exited states is uncertain by:

ΔE ≥ ħ/2π Δt

The second diagram of Feynman for Compton Scattering also leads us to above uncertainty. Here again while t is a spatial element, the other element is energy. As time gets hazy energy gets more distinct and vise versa.